What You Dont Know About Thesis Writer

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Different Types Of Settings Which Provide Care And...

Unit 1: An introduction to working with Children E1: Describe three different types of settings which provide care and education for children in your area. This must include one example from the - Statutory - Voluntary - Private Statutory sector A statutory setting is a setting that is compulsory for one to attend which is funded by the government. An example of this could be a primary school. Voluntary sector A voluntary sector is a setting that one can attend but is funded by a volunteering commite. These can be compulsory or optional Private Sector Private sectors are settings that are owned by a large chain. E2: Describe how each of the types of settings identified in E1 aims to support children and their families. Statutory sector Voluntary sector Voluntary sectors are when parents volunteer themselves to run the service. Exxmaples of this are playgroups and 1 o’clock club. These can be run for a few hours. The starting age for this sector can start from 2 years old to school age. Voluntary sectors are now uncommonly heard off due to working parents, which are even held in places like a church hall or leisure centre. Private sector Private Nursery Schools (aka Private Independent Schools) are owned privately and can offer sessional or full day care to children aged two to five. Some schools can offer a particular educational approach, for example Montessori. They may operate only during term-time or could open all year. They could be registered with Ofsted or theShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of A Job And Care Of The Family956 Words   |  4 Pagestake care of their families, financial obligation, and are finding it difficult to balance the obligation required by both work and their families. 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In this paper, I will discuss the three types of non parental child care and their influence onRead MoreThe Career Field Of Early Childhood Education1746 Words   |  7 PagesChildhood Education, the field of early childhood education deals with teaching and education young children, commonly at a preschool level. Early childhood education appeared as a separate branch of education after several studies were conducted and told us that the time before a child goes to kindergarten are the most important for developing their learning abilities and social skills. 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Two subspecialties include psychology which is focused on the entire life span and pediatric which can eitherRead MoreComparing Two Different Approaches of Curriculum and Their Benefits1335 Words   |  6 PagesCOMPARING TWO DIFFERENT APPROACHES OF CURRICULUM AND THEIR BENEFITS FOR CHILDREN EDUCATION This essay will focus on two different curriculum approaches and its benefit in childrens education taking in to consideration the values and aims It will at teacher’s role or guidance in the learning environment and how parents and care givers to contribute towards their children’s education Olivia 1997 defined curriculum is as the content chosen to be taught or subjects that are most useful for theRead MoreThe Early Childhood Education Essay1728 Words   |  7 Pageschildhood education society Aotearoa is a country that is bi-cultural yet multi-cultural. In the early childhood education sector there is a growing focus on diversity and achieving equality. This essay will have an emphasis on the diversity of ability, linking to the sociological concepts of ideology, mainstream and identity within a kindergarten setting. A discussion on inclusive practice will be apparent along with the roles and responsibilities of the educators within a kindergarten setting and theRead MoreSafeguarding The Protection And Safeguarding Of Children And Young People1617 Words   |  7 Pages Every setting that works with children must have, by law, a set of policies and procedures that fully cover the protection and safeguarding of children and young people. They are, however, not just in place to protect the children but also the people working with them on a daily basis. The duty of care is placed on the practitioners and professionals in the setting and each settings policies and procedures must incorporate current legislation. Each settings safeguarding policy and procedures need

Nike Wacc free essay sample

Do you agree with Joanna Cohen’s WACC calculation? Why or why not? 1. 1 The definition of WACC Weighted average cost of capital(WACC), is a weighted-computational method of analyzing the cost of capital based on the whole capital structure of a firm. The result of WACC is the rate a firm use to monitor the application of the current assets because it represents the return the firm MUST get. For example this rate could be used as the discount rate of evaluating an investment, and maintaining the price of firm’s stock. Analysis of Johanna Cohen’s calculation We analyzed the process of Johanna Cohen’s calculation, and found some flaws we believe caused computational mistakes. i. When using the WACC method, the book value of bond is available as the market value since bonds are not quite active in the market, but the book value of equity isn’t. Instead of Johanna’s using equity’s book value, we should multiply the current price of Nike’s stock price by the numbers of shares outstanding. We will write a custom essay sample on Nike Wacc or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ii. When calculating the YTM of the firm’s bond, Johanna only used the interest expense of the year divided by the average debt balance, which fully ignored the discounted cash flow of the cost of debt. 2. If you do not agree with Cohen’s analysis, calculate your own WACC for Nike and be prepared to justify your assumptions. Combining the analysis above, we now give our own WACC calculation as following: 2. 1 The value of debt(based on EXIHIBIT 3). Since the book value of debt may represent the market value, we merely need to sum up the values of Long-term debt, Notes payable, and the Current portion of long-term debt. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method? 3. 1 Calculating the costs of equity by CAPM, and its advantages amp; disadvantages i. Calculation: According to 2. 4, we have already got the result of CAPM, which is 10. 46%. ii. Advantages First, because CAPM is a theory based on the whole market, it obviously includes the effects between the market as the integrity and each individual stock. Second, with the counterbalance among each stock in the entire market, CAPM only needs the consideration of systematic risk, which much simplifies the calculation. Third, CAPM also bypasses the specific values of future cash flow because the equation is actually the relation between systematic risk and return rate, which is also another simplification of calculating. Fourth, merely depending on the systematic risk, CAPM could offer the investors a reliable discounting rate to assess the value of a certain investment. iii. Disadvantages: First, involving the counterbalance among the entire market, CAPM acquiesces an effective, active and healthy market environment. Second, comparing the consideration of market risk, CAPM may omit the subtle risk differences among each single firm. Third, the crucial systematic risk, the beta coefficient, is obviously hard to calculate. 3. 2 Calculating the costs of equity by DDM, and its advantages amp; disadvantages i. Calculation (based on EXIHIBIT 4):: Based on the dividend discount model, P0 = D0 * (1+g) / (k – g), then we get the return rate (the cost of equity) k = D0 * (1+g) / P0 + g = 0. 48 * (1 + 0. 055) / 42. 09 + 0. 055 = 6. 7% ii. Advantages First, DDM fully considers the time value of consistent cash flow of an investment. Second, it is pretty easy to get the necessary historical data. Third DDM is flexible enough for the adjustment of any future situation. Fourth, once the growth pattern is confirmed, it is very straightforward to get the discount rate of assessing an investment. iii. Disadvantages First, without enough consideration of risk cost, DDM may underestimate the equity cost. Second, all of the data is based on historical record, so the result is not reliable considering of the future situations. Third, with the predetermined growth rate, it is obviously practical for the stock investors to estimate the possible profit, but may mislead the stock issuing firm from a better budgeting decision to a comparatively unsubstantial investment. 3. 3 Calculating the costs of equity by the earnings capitalization ratio, and its advantages amp; disadvantages i. Calculation (based on EXIHIBIT 1amp;4) According to the earnings capitalization model, we have cost of equity = E1 / P0 = 2. 16 / 42. 09 = 5. 13% ii. Advantages First, it’s very easy to calculate and understand. Second, it’s easy to get the necessary accounting data iii. Disadvantages Without any consideration of the risk and the growth of the firm, it doesn’t reflect the true value of an investment or the cost of the budgeting at all. 4. What should Kimi Ford recommend regarding an investment in Nike? According to EXIHIBIT 2, the market’s forecasting sensitivity of equity value of Nike is 11. 17%. But based on our own analysis by WACC, we believe the discount rate of Nike is around 9. 85%. That means the market underestimated the value of Nike. So we recommend the Northpoint to purchase the stock of Nike.

Review of the health benefits of Syzygium Cumini Essay Example

Review of the health benefits of Syzygium Cumini Paper Abstractions: Syzygium cumini which is normally known as Jamun or Jambul is rather celebrated as the Indian summer fruit and is in usage really much. This works has countless usage in the field of wellness and medical specialty. Get downing from earlier the use of jamun is in usage and is been used in the ayurvedic and unani medical specialty from traditional times. Syzygium cumini ( L ) . SKEEL is blooming works which belong to the householdMyrtaceae. The major map of Syzygium cumini is that it helps in the intervention of DIABETES.In many developing states where medical specialty are non to the full developed, the fruits of Syzygium cumini are been in usage so as to bring around many diseases. During many research it was been found that this works is rich in many chemical composing which helps in bring arounding many diseases. Particularly the works contain a high sum of anthocyanin, glucoside etc. which contain medicative belongingss. Not merely the individual portion of the works but each and every portion of the works contains medicative belongingss get downing from foliages till its bark and root all are of every bit importance. The seeds particularly play major function in the intervention of blood sugar as they help in cut downing the blood sugar degree in organic structure and besides constitute many antioxidants. The research workers have developed many medical specialty from the infusion of jamun which can be good in handling many diseases. The species of Syzygium cumini is native to the states like India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Pakistan etc. Scientist have found that the Syzygium cumini consist of a broad assortments of phytochemicals and foods. In other states it is besides known as black plum, Java plum etc.Apart from all these states Syzygium is besides been grown in assorted other states and is been used in handling many upsets specially Diabetes. It is normally treated as a medicative beginning from traditional clip being. In this term paper the major of import points which are been focused arewhat are all the of import characteristic characteristics of the works Syzygium cumini and how this works and its portion are been used up in the wellness field. We will write a custom essay sample on Review of the health benefits of Syzygium Cumini specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Review of the health benefits of Syzygium Cumini specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Review of the health benefits of Syzygium Cumini specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer .KEYWORDS:phytochemicals, Syzygium cumini, diabetes, Introduction If it has to be started from the really get downing the start would be from the beginning of use of the works Syzygium cuimni as a medicative component. From early clip when medical specialty were non known much to people the usage of herbs and natural drugs were in really common province. Since so the usage of works is really common and from so onward the range of Syzygium became widely celebrated. SYZYGIUM CUMINI is a works which is of great usage. It has many characteristic compounds which possess disease curing characteristic. Syzygium is a species of Myrtaceae, which is native to the many states such as Pakistan, India, Bhutan, etc. Since the research traveling on from the last few old ages it was found that this works and all the portion of it possess particularly the seeds and bark possess anti-diabetic hardening characteristic. During the surveies in last decennaries the anti-diabetic characteristic of this works is been cited in many research paper and reappraisal article. It is said to be that these workss are found to be rich in compounds such as anthocyanin, anti-oxidant belongingss and much more which aid in bring arounding this disease. It was noticed that the seeds contain many chemical composing which aid in cut downing the blood sugar degree. Apart from the major function in bring arounding diabetes Syzygium cumini besides has many other belongingss and of impor t function in wellness. It can be said that it is core of many maps which are been really utile for human existences. The treatment of each and every portion of jamun and their major map is done. The other points which are been discussed would be up till now what all research is been done in the development ofmedical specialtiesfrom the works infusion. Hence these all point would be discussed in the undermentioned reappraisal article apart from this the major research turning up in the development of medical specialties from jamun is besides been discussed futher. Beginning:hypertext transfer protocol: //www.carlos-alvarado.com/2010_05_01_archive.htm BENEFICIAL PARTS OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI OR JAMUN During the research which was done it was found that non merely the fruits but each and every portion of the works is found to be every bit of import and consisting of some of the medicative value. [ 3 ] It was found that it was a really good beginning of cartenoids and many other vitamins which are been proved to be really good for human existences. Get downing from the foliages to the bark and seed each of the works infusion is of every bit importance in medical field. On by one each of them are discussed as follows: Leaf:It was earlier discussed that every portion of Syzygium cumini is comprised of a batch of medicative value. One of the of import portion of this works is its foliages. After making several experiment is was found that the foliages of jamun consisted of anti-microbial characteristic. It was found that the infusion of the foliages of this works is been used in order to bring around many tegument diseases particularly skin lesion as they contain some of the of import chemical composing such as: anthocyanin etc which consist of anti-microbial factor in it. [ 4 ] Due to these anti-microbial content the developing research institute are working so as to do many day-to-day utilizations merchandise such as soap and pick from jamun infusion. Beginning:hypertext transfer protocol: //explorepharma.wordpress.com/2010/09/27/syzygium-cumini/ Apart from the antimicrobic featurethe foliages of Syzygium cumini besides consisted of other of import characteristic such as the foliages besides helps in bring arounding gum jobs and teeth jobs. Some recent research has shown that the infusion of foliages if is used besides helps in alleviating from gastropathy, leucorrhoea, stoamchalgia etc. these are some of the major jobs related to the tummy. The foliages extract besides helps in bring arounding tummy irregularity. Thus the foliages of this works, Syzygium cumini is of every bit of import as it helps in bring arounding many GI jobs. Seed Seeds of Syzygium cumini works is of atmost importance. It was noticed that the foliages besides possess many other characteristic characteristic out of which the remedy of diabetes is n of the of import characteristic. During the last 125 twelvemonth research which was much before the find of insulin many grounds were seen which defined that seeds of these workss help in bring arounding the blood sugar degree. In the research it was found that the seeds of jamun contain many elements such as gulcoside jambolin which help normally assist in cut downing blood sugar degree by cut downing the transition of amylum to saccharify by altering the assorted chemical procedures in it. Apart from this one characteristic the foliages besides contain other falvonoids, phenol and rich in protein and Ca. [ 4 ] . After executing several experiment on mice and rats it was found that seed of Syzygium cumini were capable of bring arounding chief 2 type of diabetes Hence it was by experimentation proved that the seeds of Syzygium were proved to be effectual against commanding blood sugar degree. Other surveies have besides revealed that the seeds besides contain many alknoids, these alknoids have an ability toward the hyperglycemic consequence. Hence it can be good in many ways. BarkBark which is another portion of the works jamun is besides effectual in many manners. The bark of Syzygium cumini contain ANTI-OXIDANT feature. It besides comprises of many other characteristic one of which is diabetes control excessively. It can be said that overall each and every portion of jamun is of every bit significance. Get downing from the foliages to the bark and fruit each hold medicative characteristic. In this the bark of the workss are found to be holding belongingss like antimicrobic which is besides one of the of import feature. Fruits OF JAMUN The fruits of jamun are besides really important. After making several research, scientist have found that the fruit of jamun is chiefly treated in symptoms like gastric, diuretic, etc. Many a times the juice of this fruits is been consumed in order to acquire alleviate from jobs like irregularity and many other GI jobs. A really common job related to gum is known as GINGIVITIS which can besides be cured by utilizing the infusion of fruits of this works { 7 } Due to these several of import characteristic these are commercially used and many medical specialties are besides been derived from them. Beginning:hypertext transfer protocol: //trade.indiamart.com/details.mp? offer=4336727155) As the wellness benefits of Syzygium were good known before hence many nutrient industries started to doing merchandises from jamun or Syzygium parts In this the chief of import merchandises which were involved were the juices. Juices which were derived from jamun infusion chiefly from their fruits were commercially available in markets. These juice as shown in the above figure were thought to be a replacing of sugar, as it helped in commanding blood sugar degree. In the field of ayurvedic medicine the use of jamun juices in topographic point of sugar for diabetes patients is still in usage. Now a yearss the chief merchandise extracted from Syzygium is beenjamun mush, jamun acetum jaumun pulverization etc are used for many other intents apart from cut downing blood ugar degree.The acetum derived from jamun is besides a remedy for many jobs. The extracted acetum can be used up in instances like swelling of liver and spleen. [ 6 ] . It is found that this acetum is besides helpful in di minishing the migrane pain up to some extent. The other of import merchandise derived from jamun is the seed pulverization. Beginning ;hypertext transfer protocol: //spicingyourlife.blogspot.in/2009/07/jamun-seed-powder-diet-for-diabetics.html The pulverization which is been extracted from the seed are particularly designed for diabetes remedy which is frequently prescribed to diabetes patient. Very frequently people suffer from urine jobs or kidney infection, these jamun extract in the signifier of pulverization or the mush is prove to be effectual in much instances. As it was earlier discussed that jamun comprises of styptic belongings which aid in transition of urine easy. Hence it was seen that it assist in work outing the job related to utrine infection. Sometime this pulverization is extracted from the other parts of the works and hence consists of the belongingss like anti-oxidant majorly. In other words each and every portion of jamun is enriched with medicative value and holds up a really bright hereafter chance. SYZYGIUM CUMINI EFFECTIVE TOOL AGAINST DAIBETES Diabetess is one of the common and celebrated disease which arises due to many factors. It can be said that diabetes is a status in which there is a rise in blood sugar degree and the individual starts to endure from assorted symptoms such as addition in thirst, more urination etc. long term untreated diabetes may do terrible harm and jobs to the organic structure which may include the harm to the bosom, kidney and eyes. Since early clip when non much was known in the field of advanced medical specialty from that onward clip diabetes has started distributing its arm around the universe and no Oklahoman it became celebrated worldwide. Diabetes is characterized in two types a ) TYPE 1 which is stated as Diabetes mellitus and TYPE 2 which is diabetes insipidus. In an appraisal given, it was found that boulder clay 2013, 382 million people were reported to be enduring from diabetes out of which 90 % were reported to holding Type 1 diabetes. Hence the instances of diabetes are increasing at an dismaying rate in worldwide. Now in recent clip when new finds are been originating in every field including DRUGS AND MEDICINE so there is the development of new sort of medical specialty which are been used as medical specialty for diabetes. But this is approximately today what about two or three decennary ago when no accurate and exact remedy of diabetes was been found. In early clip Ayruvedic medical specialty were the lone intervention which was been used up in bring arounding any certain sort of disease. The people of that clip besides believed that the infusion derived from the herbs and bush can be helpful in bring arounding diseases. As no perfect remedy was known at that clip hence the use of the merchandise derived from Syzygium cumini were used for the intervention of blood sugar blood degree. After making many research, it was found that Syzygium cumini or Jamun was proved as anaccessory therapy in instance of intervention of Diabetes Type 2.Apart from its seed wh ich is a great beginning of anthocyanin and aid in commanding the diabetes likewise the fruity violet mush of this works is besides of great importance as it besides anthocyanin rich. The assorted drug and medicative research organisation are been making many research in order to find the rate at which the seeds and mush are helpful in commanding blood sugar. Surveies have shown that the seeds of Syzygium cumini are rich inellagitannins,a compound whose composing is of hexa hydroxyl diphenoyl glucose which aid in cut downing the content of sugar degree hence aid in diminishing the blood sugar degree. Another of import portion of the Syzygium cumini works is its fruits which besides shows the anti-diabetic belongings. The fruits are a good beginning of chemical like glucosides, jambolin and ellagic acid which aid in cut downing the transition of amylum into glucose therefore aid in commanding the blood sugar degree. Hence Syzygium cumini comprises of many indispensable compounds which help in bring arounding diabetes. Not merely in commanding blood sugar degree Syzygium cumini or jamun besides possess many other medicative values. OTHER MEDICINAL VALUE OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI Up till now Syzygium cumini studied for its anti- diabetic belongings. But many research paper besides province that apart from its anti-diabetic belongings, Syzygium cumini is a ocean of many other characteristics or features in the field of medical specialty. In India, Syzygium cumini normally known as Jambolan is good recognized as a common people medical specialty every bit good as in pharmaceutical trade. If it is been said in medicative value so the fruits and bark of this works are said to be holdingdiuretic, acerb and gastric belongingss. Along with this in comparing to any other seasonal fruit Syzygium cumini comprises of a high degree of anti-oxidant belongings.This anti –oxidant characteristic consist of components such as anthocyanin, falvonoids, tannic acid etc. These component are responsible for doing the anti-oxidant belongingss. In the market merchandise such as in toothpaste etc which are used in family sometime contain jamun infusion as it is rich in anti-ox idant belongings. Syzygium cumini works is comprises of other wellness benefits excessively, out of which 1 is that it assist in cut downing thehazard of degenerative diseases. [ 6 ] The degenerative diseases is diseases in which construction or map of the tissue or organ which is been affected deteriorate progressively examples can beAlzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, etc. can besides be cured up by utilizing Syzygium works. The fruit mush of this works which contains chief four anti-oxidant components which include falvonoids, phenoplast, vitamins and cartenoids. These all anti-oxidant aid in cut downing the oxidative emphasis and besides aid in suppression of macromolecular oxidization which helps in cut downing the hazard of degenerative diseases. Apart from the bring arounding these diseases, there are many other diseases and jobs which can be cured by utilizing the infusion of Syzygium cumini. Some of the of import and characterized characteristic of intervention of diseases with Syzygium cumini are: Syzygium cumini possessanticancer.Antineoplastic is belongings of moving to forestall, inhibit or halt the development of a tumor which is besides known as a tumour. Infusion from Syzygium cumini act as an anticancer agent, which can be helpful in intervention of disease such as colon malignant neoplastic disease [ 7 ] . The fruits and bark infusion of Syzygium cumini or Jamun have theRadioprotective and chemoprotective consequencewhich aid in intervention of malignant neoplastic disease. The works besides contains flavonoids and Gallic acid which aid in the decrease of formation of tumour or cut downing the carcinogenic consequence. Hence apart from the intervention of diabetes, Syzygium cumini is a nucleus of many wellness benefits. Thus it was found by the research workers that the Syzygium cumini or jamun aid in bring arounding up many diseases. SCOPE IN FUTURE IN FIELD OF TREATMENT As in the field of medicine new find ever arises. By traveling through all the research work which is been done up boulder clay now sing the function which Syzygium cumini works species is playing in the field of medicine one thing is clear that this works possess many characteristic belongings which could be used by in the medicine and will besides assist in the betterment in the field of medical specialties. The major consequence of this works is on the intervention of diabetes. If the hereafter range is to be discussed so it must be seen that Syzygium cumini or Jamun holds up many advantages in the manner of intervention of diabetes. First as jamun is a cheap summer turning species it can be grown anyplace. Hence it is traveling to be a cheaper manner of intervention. Not merely this it is one of the natural redress which prove to be rather effectual and non-toxic or harmless as it doesn’t contain any harmful component. Easily available. Can be use in the twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours meal. Hence it is to be noted that Syzygium cumini is of great usage. The major Drug and Medicine organisation and research centre are developing techniques in which they are deducing drugs and medical specialty from the infusion of this works. Apart from these research and drug development, the ayurvedic medical specialty are commercially are been generated in market for the utilizations. Hence it can be said that Syzygium cumini clasp all the characteristics which make it a powerful curable of disease. In future where new development is taking a measure in front this would be turn out a long term good medicine. Decision Therefore the function of Syzygium cumini is good defined and the advantageous of it are besides been discussed in this reappraisal article. This reappraisal article was chiefly done in order to acquire an thought what Syzygium cumini works is capable away. Its characters, components and the function of assorted chemical nowadays in it. Hence it all in one curable expression of disease.

OneChild essays

OneChild essays One Child is a true story about a girl named Sheila who had an alcoholic father who abused her. She was placed in a classroom for people with behavior problems. All of her previous teachers thought that she was lost, that no one could reach her, until her teacher Torey Haden (the author) reached out and cared for her. This book may give you many emotions, but you will find this book very touching. Torey is a teacher for children with behavior problems. She had nine children, and one assistant named Anton, he had not wanted the job, but the people at welfare told him he had to take the job. There were some children with some very serious problems. There was a beautiful child with long blonde hair, she looked almost perfect, and her name was Susannah Joy. She was a child schizophrenic, she hallucinated, and she heard voices. There was Taylor, who was a suicidal child, she had drunk toilet cleanser, and it had eaten away at her esophagus. There were other children with other very serious problems. They had problems adjusting at first, but as the time went on, they became a real class. It seemed to good to be true, when the principal told them that they were going to have another student named Sheila. Earlier Torey had read about this child, she had taken a three year old boy, tied him to a tree, and burned him. He survived, but he was in critical condition. Sheila was going to be taken to the state hospital for psychological treatment, but they had to wait for an opening. Until then, she had to go to school. When Torey found out she was going to be in her class, she didnt know what to expect. She was a very wild child. She had terrible tantrums; she would destroy every thing in her way. Until one day, she ran into a corner, and she was terrified. Torey talked to her. The reason she was such a bad child was because her mother had abandoned her on the side of the street. Torey told her, that she didnt whip kid ...

The Khmer Empire Water Management System

The Khmer Empire Water Management System The Angkor civilization, or Khmer Empire, was a complex state in southeast Asia between AD 800 and 1400. It was remarkable, among other things, because of its extensive water management system stretching across over 1200 square kilometers (460 square miles), which connected the natural lake Tonle Sap to large man-made reservoirs (called baray in Khmer) through a series of canals  and permanently altering the local hydrology. The network allowed Angkor to flourish for six centuries despite the difficulties of maintaining a state-level society in the face of successive dry and monsoon regions. Water Challenges and Benefits Sources of permanent water tapped by the Khmer canal system included lakes, rivers, groundwater, and rainwater. The monsoonal climate of southeast Asia divided the years (and still does) into wet (May-October) and dry (November-April) seasons. Rainfall varies in the region between 1180-1850 millimeters (46-73 inches) per year, mostly in the wet season. The impact of water management at Angkor changed natural catchment boundaries and eventually led to erosion and sedimentation of channels requiring considerable upkeep. Tonle Sap is among the most productive freshwater ecosystems in the world, made so by the regular flooding from the Mekong River. Groundwater in Angkor can today be accessed at ground level during the wet season and 5 meters (16 feet) below ground level during the dry  season. However, local groundwater access varies greatly across the region, with bedrock and soil characteristics at times resulting in a water table as much as 11-12 m (36-40 ft) below the ground surface. Water Systems Water systems were used by the Angkor civilization to cope with the vastly changing water quantities included raising their houses on mounds or stilts, building and excavating small ponds at the household level and larger ones (called trapeang) at the village level. Most trapeang were rectangular and generally aligned east/west: they were associated with and perhaps controlled by the temples. Most temples also had their own moats, which were square or rectangular and oriented in the four cardinal directions. At the city level, large reservoirs- called baray- and linear channels, roads, and embankments were used to manage water  and may have formed an intercommunication network as well. Four major baray are in Angkor today: Indratataka (Baray of Lolei), Yasodharatataka (East Baray), West Baray, and Jayatataka (North Baray). They were very shallow, between 1-2 m (3-7 ft) below ground level, and between 30-40 m (100-130 ft) wide. Baray were built by creating earthen embankments of between 1-2 meters above the ground level and fed by channels from natural rivers. The embankments were often used as roads. Archaeologically-based geographic studies of the current and past systems at Angkor suggests that Angkor engineers created a new permanent catchment area, making three catchment areas where there once was just two. The artificial channel eventually eroded downward and became a river, thereby altering the natural hydrology of the region. Sources Buckley BM, Anchukaitis KJ, Penny D, Fletcher R, Cook ER, Sano M, Nam LC, Wichienkeeo A, Minh TT, and Hong TM. 2010. Climate as a contributing factor in the demise of Angkor, Cambodia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107(15):6748-6752. Day MB, Hodell DA, Brenner M, Chapman HJ, Curtis JH, Kenney WF, Kolata AL, and Peterson LC. 2012. Paleoenvironmental history of the West Baray, Angkor (Cambodia). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109(4):1046-1051. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1111282109 Evans D, Pottier C, Fletcher R, Hensley S, Tapley I, Milne A, and Barbetti M. 2007. A new archaeological map of the world’s largest preindustrial settlement complex at Angkor, Cambodia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104(36):14277-14282. Kummu M. 2009. Water management in Angkor: Human impacts on hydrology and sediment transportation. Journal of Environmental Management 90(3):1413-1421. Sanderson DCW, Bishop P, Stark M, Alexander S, and Penny D. 2007. Luminescence dating of canal sediments from Angkor Borei, Mekong Delta, Southern Cambodia. ​Quaternary Geochronology 2:322–329.

Nike SWOT Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Nike SWOT Analysis - Essay Example Introduction and Market Overview The global financial meltdown of 2008 has negatively affected retail business because it reduced the purchasing power of consumers and destroyed consumer confidence (Finch & Wood, 2009). Businesses have shrunk drastically all over the world due to the integration of global financial markets. Firms are finding it difficult to sell their products to consumers in these tough times. Even big names like Nike are worried about their sales and purchasing power of their clientele, although it did well as compared to others in the recession. The company was founded back in 1964 and since then it has grown tremendously. The company is the leading seller of athletic shoes and apparel in the world (Sage, 2008). In 2010 the company reported a profit of $1.9 billion and an operating income of $2.5 billion, but revenues have fallen to $19 billion (Nike Annual Report, 2010). This is a point of concern for the company because it means that sales are declining due to some reasons. Fall in sales can be because of the tough economic conditions of European and American markets. This downward trend can cause many problems for the company in future because competitors can take market share from the company. The main competitors of the company are Rebook, Puma, and Addidas. Nike sells sports equipment, apparel and footwear. The company alongside with its competitors uses celebrity endorsement and other marketing strategies to attract customers. The client base of Nike and all its competitors are more or less similar. Nike targets young people who are interested in sports. Competitors of Nike are also targeting the same population set. This is why marketing is used as a tool for differentiation by companies in the industry. The vision of the company is to produce equipment for athletes therefore aims of the marketing plan will compliment the overall strategy of the company. The aim of Nike should be to improve its sales in the next year by attracting more and more customers. Improvement of sales by 20 percent is the objective of the firm. The focus of the company will also be on the developing countries as it will attempt to position itself as a premium brand in the developing world. In t his report we will design a marketing plan for Nike so that the above mentioned aims and objectives can be achieved. We will conduct a SWOT analysis for the company and will also include marketing objectives and market segment in the plan. We will also elaborate how the plan will complement the overall strategic objectives of the company. Risk issues within the marketing plan will also be discussed alongside with the mitigations strategies. SWOT Analysis Strengths Nike is the number one footwear brand of the world therefore it enjoys a strong position in the market. The company use marketing constantly to remain the market leader

Desribing a room Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Desribing a room - Essay Example The entrance to this room has been decorated with artificial flowers shining on one side of the door. The door itself is made of wood and has been decorated with small stuffed toys. The right side of the room has a short shell on which small crystal decoration pieces have been placed. The left side is an empty wall which has nice painted scenery on it. The bed set is placed with the front wall facing the door. The bed set is made of wood and a nice patterned bed spread has been put on it. On the wall in front of the bed set is attached the light crystal display television set. Under the television set is a table, which has a DVD player on it. Under the table are the television stabilizers and the speakers. The wall on one side of the bed set opens into the dressing room. The roof is cemented but has bamboo patterns on it which look very beautiful. The curtains are made of silk fabric. The color theme of the room is light green which means that most of the things that the room contain s are green in color. The room is painted in green with shine particles sprinkled on the paint which keeps them stuck to the wall. The ceiling has been decorated with light emitting stars which shine when the light is off. The bed spread and the carpet are also green.

Communications & Crisis Essay Example for Free

Communications Crisis Essay The Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) has begun to receive official reports stating that the public water supplies of several towns in the South East Texas (SET) area have become contaminated with life-threatening biological agents. As director of this office, it is my responsibility to address contingency plans within the organization and the public; without creating panic. Areas of focus will include external and internal communication channels, communication advantages and challenges, communication strategies, applicable technology, technology utilization, and media opportunities. Successful management of the situation requires the establishment of teams and communication channels. Organization teams include a state relations team, district relations, media relations, and a crisis communications team (CCT). State, district, and media relations will communicate with CCT acting as coordinator. As the director of TDEM, I will be in charge of the CCT and oversee all organization operations. The state relations team till will be in charge of communications with the Texas Department of Health, the Texas Department of Public Safety, the Texas Emergency Management Council (TEMC), and other government officials. According to Texas law, mayors and county judges serve as emergency management directors, bearing the responsibility for maintaining an emergency management program within their respective jurisdictions (TDEM, 2014). This will help with local emergency coordination’s. The district relations team will engage with local authorities to organize emergency response operations. The media relations team will communicate with local and online media sources and keep them informed of the issue. Our organizations communication channels can instantly connect with multiple organizations at once. This gives our organization a major advantage. We have the ability to spread and collect information quickly and on a grand scale. Information needs to be disseminated as fast and efficiently as  possible. The challenges associated with communications is the coordination of all efforts. According to Athena du Pre, lack of communication can lead to duplicated efforts, costly (and sometimes life-threatening) delays, frustration, and wasted time (Du Pre, A., 2003). During crisis events delays and wasted time can cost lives. This means that our team must keep in constant communication with other organizations to prevent overlapping efforts. Crisis communication is an ongoing process. Having a crisis communication plan is important so that more time can be spent acting and less time be spent making decisions. Examining the communication process of other crisis events can be a useful way to identify successful strategies. In 1979, the Three Mile Island reactor malfunctioned. The major form of communication used to report the event at the time were televisions and radios. Access to information was limited and local television and radio station bore the bulk of public inquiries. Organization communications had to be accomplished via telephones or face-to-face. Public communications were also limited to telephones and face-to-face. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina ravaged the city of New Orleans and left a large portion of it underwater. The major forms of communication during this event included television, radio, and the internet. With this event the internet provided quick connection and communication with multiple entities. Information could also be transferred on faste r and larger scale. However, with this particular event a large portion of the public had to go without electricity for an extended period of time. Without electricity television, radios, and the internet cannot be operated. Smartphones existed at the time, but were not as abundant. Those with smartphones and cell phones had a small window for communications after the loss of electricity. Unfortunately, these devices require recharging and are useless after so many hours. Examination of these scenarios provide proof of the importance of information access during times of crisis. In 1979, their limited resources increased the levels of public concern. In 2005, their lack of resources reduced the number of communication channels. Many people were left clueless and helpless. I believe that a good way of utilizing this knowledge is to prepare for similar situations. Publishing emergency information to the public on a wide variety of channels means more access to information, less confusion, and better coord ination of efforts. Fortunate for us, the current  scenario is not a threat to public electrical systems. However, we should be prepared for interruptions or breakdowns amongst communication channels. Each team should have contingencies in place, in case one or more resources is lost. These contingencies should include backup agencies, officials, and media sources. Teams should also have contingencies in place incase internal communications are interrupted or broken-down. Organization teams should allocate responsibilities between different members. If something happens to a team member, their responsibilities should either be divide up amongst all other team members or given to a single member. This largely depends on the size of responsibility and number of available team members. If an entire team becomes unavailable, then that teams responsibilities will be divided by the CCT and distributed amongst the remaining teams. Public contingency plans must also be addressed. In this scenario there are effectively two distinct immediate dangers. Lack of public knowledge leading to exposure, and difficulties decontaminating the public water supplies. In regards to public knowledge, it’s important that information be disseminated not only through technological communication channels, but through ground communication channels as well. Public and municipal service employees of all types should be called upon to spread the word throughout the public. The more entities that can be informed via employer to employee, the better. In regards to decontamination, the public should be fully aware that government agencies are working around the clock to solve the issue. Government entities should also offer access to alternative water supplies. During times of hurricanes, many agencies and charitable services hand out bottled water from multiple locations in their respective cities. This strategy should be utilized with the current scenario. If necessary, these services should be offered for as long as they are needed. As indicated in the previous scenarios, technology and the spread of the information go hand in hand. With the addition of the internet and digital communications, the communication process has become much more versatile. Social media often provides as a communications network for the public. Social media users can connect with other users and members of the public to share information and coordinate efforts. In today’s world many people have smartphones that are capable of internet access. These devices provide people with the ability to  access information no matter where they are. The downside to this technology is the requirement of data access. Times of crisis can overwhelm internet infrastructure, making communications slow or impossible. Short messaging services (SMS)’s are a good way of combating this effect. The benefit of SMS’s is that they operates on the mobile carrier signal rather than the connection used for mobile voice and data, allowing messages to be delivered and received on mobile devices even when the networks are too congested to make voice calls (Anonymous, 2014). Emergency alerts are also able to be broadcasted this way. Those with smartphones can be sent instant notifications; keeping them updated with current information. These systems can be used to inform a large number of people all at the same time. Compared to previous crisis scenarios, it’s possible that some technologies could be used differently. With the expansion of available communication channels, reliance on some technologies may not be as abundant as it once was. Television and radios no longer bare the sole burden of emergency broadcast communications. This can free up the efforts of local news and radio stations. Fewer public inquires to contend with, increases the overall resources of the stations. People will still call the stations for information, but the number will be significantly lower than it was in previous scenarios. In some cases television and radio may not even be utilized. Advancement in technologies has allowed the home computer to become the central h ub for information in some homes, and amongst many college students. Computers can be used for watching television and listening to radio programming. This technology increases the need for broadcasting emergency information over internet channels. Media opportunities of this management crisis include redundancy broadcast. According to a study from the University of Texas, redundancy is often necessary to overcome the noise in people’s lives because it reveals that people’s urgency perception increased after receiving three messages (Stephens, K., Barrett, A., Mahometa, M., 2013). Having the media broadcast continual information will help increase the urgency perception of the public. The more people that are made aware, the less potential there is for casualties. Social media could also be used as a way to broadcast emergency information to different groups. Sites like Facebook and Twitter, can be used to spread information. Users connected or â€Å"subscribed† to  different groups receive notifications from those groups. This allows for information to be spread quickly across a major network. Often groups will be connected to other groups. When one group learns of the emergency they can then share the information with another group, and so on. Crisis management is an urgent matter that must be handled swiftly and efficiently. Planning and communications are vital for coordinating efforts. To protect the public, organization and communication strategies and contingencies must be in place. Communication channels must be established and their advantages and challenges should be known. Applicable technologies and their utilizations should be identified. Media opportunities should also be known so that appropriate communication channels can be utilized as a means of keeping the public informed. References Anonymous. (2014). Dynmark International: SMS is most effective communication channel during emergency. (2010). Wireless News, Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/750383013?accountid=458 Du Pre, A. (2003). Communicating About Health (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill HIPAA compliance. Corrections Forum, 12(1), 15-16. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/214412170?accountid=458 Seeger, M. W. (2006). Best Practices in Crisis Communication: An Expert Panel Process. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 34(3), 232-244. doi:10.1080/00909880600769944 Stephens, K., Barrett, A., Mahometa, M. (2013). Organizational Communication in Emergencies: Using Multiple Channels and Sources to Combat Noise and Capture Attention. Human Communication Research, 39(2), 230-251. doi:10.1111/hcre.12002 Texas Department of Emergency Management (TDEM). (2014). Retrieved from http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/dem/ he Fiscal Year of 214.

The Bermuda Triangle Essay -- Bermuda Triangle Phenomenon Essays

The Bermuda Triangle Off the southern tip of Florida lies a phenomenon called the Bermuda Triangle. Ships, planes, and over one thousand lives were lost in the Triangle without a trace. Theories have been put forth, but still no universally accepted explanation exists for the mystery that surrounds the Bermuda Triangle. The Bermuda Triangle covers almost 440,000 square miles of the Atlantic Ocean. An imaginary line that begins near Melbourne, Florida, extends south to Bermuda, and west to Puerto Rico before turning north to Florida, forms the Triangle. From 1972-1999, more than one hundred planes and ships have vanished into thin air. More than one thousand lives have been lost as well. One frightening aspect of this entire saga is that disappearances continue to occur at an alarming rate. A small part of the Bermuda Triangle lies in the Sargasso Sea. This sea is best known for its tall, thick, floating seaweed called Sargassum. The seaweed is thought to be a forest that once rested on an island in the Atlantic Ocean. According to legend, the island sank at a very quick pace, taking with it the forest and vegetation. One of the most notable disappearances is that of Flight 19. This was basically what started the craze. The flight consisted of five Navy TBM Avenger torpedo bomber planes. Mechanics had certified the planes fit for flight. Flight planes were checked thoroughly and appropriately filed with the proper authorities. There were no indications that this mission would be anything other than a routine experience for the crews of these aircraft. Even the weather was cooperation. The forecast predicted clear skies and calm winds. Flight 19 left the Fort Lauderdale Airport at 2:10 p.m. on December 5, 1945. At 3:40 p.m. Lieutenant Robert Cox noticed his radio begin to crackle. The transmission seemed to be directed to 'Powers.' The person identified himself as FT-28, the call sign for Flight 19. FT-28 radioed that both of his compasses were out, and he was trying to find land.(Kusch) At 4:26 p.m. Fort Everglades Rescue intercepted a transmission from FT-28. Immediately, the rescue team called several stations along the coast and asked them to turn on their radar and attempt to locate the lost flight. At 6:04 p.m. Lieutenant Taylor radioed his flight crew to tell them they were off course and needed to adjust their course to a more ea... ...d have been set up by flying saucer. Dr. Stanley Krippner believed a black hole in space, called a vortex, existed where planes and ships that entered the Triangle did not come out. (Kusch) In spite of today?s advanced technology, scientists are no closer to solving the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle. Only the stories exist to explain the loss of over one hundred planes and more than one thousand live to this ?Triangle of Terror.? The discovery of Flight 19 raised more questions than it answered. No matter how it?s looked at something does happen whether it has a scientific explanation or not in ?The Bermuda Triangle?. It can?t be denied that nothing happens there with all of the recorded tragedies on this area. The way to look at it is documentation is proof so it does exist. Works Cited Baumann, Elwood D. The Devil?s Triangle. Franklin Watts: New York, 1976 Berlitz, Charles. The Bermuda Triangle: An Incredible Saga of Unexplained Disappearances. Doubleday and Company, Inc.: New York, 1974 Burnvand, Jan Herold. ?Bermuda Triangle.? Encarta Encyclopedia. 1999 ed. Jeffrey, Kent Thomas. Triangle of Terror and Other Eerie Areas. Warner Books: New York, 1975

Advancement Opportunities of Professional Nursing

At a time of the global economic recession, the healthcare professions, including nursing are experiencing an unprecedented upsurge in enrollment. The competition for the most lucrative of nursing positions are on the horizon, not only from US-trained professionals, but from foreign-educated nurses as well – the foreign nursing experts from the Philippines, India, Pakistan, among others.There are two tracks which a professional nurse may pursue in relation with his work – the clinical and management tracks. The former is involved in pain management, beside care and assisting the physicians in surgical operations.The latter is involved in the day-to-day administration of hospitals and clinics, assisting management in the way these medical institutions are being run.The management track is involved in ensuring full efficiency in the deployment of nurses to the different departments of the hospital, and in providing contingency support in the event of a lack in human resou rces in a department.On the other hand, there are many ways by which nurses may advance themselves in their profession. At present, one of the more lucrative specializations in the nursing profession is being a nurse-anesthetist. He is involved in the general pain management of patients, under the direction and supervision of the physician-anesthesiologist.Being a nurse-anesthetist involves greater care and discretion in handling patients compared to regular non-specialized nurses, because it entails the administration of potentially-fatal anesthetic drugs.Meanwhile, nurses uninterested in greater pay can opt to involve themselves in international nursing work, as part of the staff of international medical organizations such as the Medicins Sans Frontieres (Doctors Without Borders), a most recognized international organization of doctors and nurses deployed in the most depressed areas of the world.Another field that may be pursued can be that of being a nurse-lecturer in a nursing s chool, especially now when there is great demand for highly-trained nurses to fill the positions of old nurses about to retire.For my part, I would pursue the clinical track of the nursing profession, because I believe that it would continue honing my bedside skills further and it would provides a sense of greater fulfillment in view of the fact that I shall continue being in constant interaction with patients whom I serve to the best of my abilities.References:Work in the Field. Doctors Without Borders. Retrieved from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://doctorswithoutborders.org/work/field/ on April 8, 2009. American Association of Nurse Anesthetists. Education of Nurse Anesthetists in the United   Ã‚  Ã‚   States – At a Glance. 2005. Retrieved May 23, 2007, from http://www.aana.com/educuscrnas.aspx

The Waiting Girl

The image that I have chosen to research is The waiting Girl by Loretta Lux. The image was published in 2006 in Germany. The image is about time and timelessness, the girl and the cat are frozen in time waiting for eternity. The little girl is simply waiting for nothing it is like what ever gets thrown at her next will be her opportunity. The waiting girl is one of Loretta’s best works; it is also one of her most famous work. Stated by Loretta â€Å"I started with the idea of a girl sitting on the sofa waiting for nothing in particular and the cat came into the idea later. I love cats and I had to try and incorporate cats into my images for a long time but never worked but this time worked extremely well†. The image shows a little girl sitting on a chair and a cat laying next to her. This image shows the innocence of the little girl with her legs crossed, her hair in two buns, and her clothing so pail and vintage. You will not see many young girls dressed like this today. The chair is the first thing that is noticed in the image it is the colour red being bright and red the meaning of love, waiting for something to happen and for her life to carry on and a child’s life should. The colour’s used in this photograph are pail and as known now vintage colour’s. The girl, cat, wall and floor are all mostly in the same tones and blend in with each other this which then makes the chair center of attention and is the most appealing aspect to the eye. Above the lounge there is a bow, which also shows the innocence of the little girl and her childhood. The meaning of each colour relates back to this image: Red the colour of fire and blood, energy, danger, strength, power, passion, desire, and love. Beige the colour of warmth. Brown the colour of stability, reliability, approachability, natural and organic. White is the colour of purity. The texture of this image looks smooth but the lounge is rough and so is the floor, this gives the image an effect of time, meaning that the chair and floor have now changed over time we now have smooth floors e. g- carpet and tiles, and the lounges today are now soft and made out of soft fabrics and leather. The image does not represent a historical time although we could say it does, the vintage colours, the innocence of the little girl, the lounge which we do not see often at all these days. Though the look if the image is of a very heritage era. Size is a factor in the image the by the size of the lounge compared to the girl and the cat. The girl is of a very small proportion of the image where space overrides the image. The reason I chose this image is because it caught my eye and it had a impact on me, this image caught my emotions. I thought it would be a good image to talk about although there is not much detail on this image. The image is very simple and plain and shows the innocence of young girls growing up. It reminded me of when I was growing up and how different things were. It was all about playing and getting out hands dirty, but when compared to this image it is the complete opposite. It’s all about the sweet innocence of the young girl. The image that I chose I think is a good one, it can relate to many things in a childhood. Nearly every girl who sees this will feel the connection with the image some may feel exactly the same and others like my self may feel opposite. There were two ways of being brought up the classy/ elegant way or the casual way. Many of us girls today can relate to the casual way is it is now the 21st century. My overall response to this image is that I think that it was portrayed very well, without even reading about the image many people would understand the image and have a connection with it. I really like this photo and I find it very detailed once you look into the image and find out more about it and find out that there is more behind this image than we can see. I believe that every image has a story and has its own message behind it and to me I find that this message being sent out about this image is that time s the main factor in our daily lives. It’s what ever gets thrown at us many of us will take. I find this image a very appealing image and believe that behind every image there is a story, and this image does have a story and that is that life is based on time. Every artist looks at things completely different and have there own thoughts on there images but in most cases it is something that has related to their lives and in this case it is Loretta related this image to her upbringing and her love for cats. In conclusion, this image is fantastic I find it very appealing although it is very simple it does have a detailed background and is an eye catching image. I find that the colour’s work very well with the theme of innocence and time the natural colours and show the purity of the girl. Though when we compare these colour’s to todays colour’s they are very different we now use very bright colours and show the excitement in the child’s life. The image is worth all the attention that it receives and has more and more comments about it every day, each person has a different opinion but I find this very appealing and attractive.

35 Words Frequently Found in Compounds

35 Words Frequently Found in Compounds 35 Words Frequently Found in Compounds 35 Words Frequently Found in Compounds By Mark Nichol The subject of compounds, permanent or temporary combinations of words temporary in the sense that they are â€Å"invented† for the occasion but are not in common usage is a complicated matter because whether a compound employing a given word is open (with letter spaces between the constituent words), hyphenated, or closed (with no letter spaces) is usually inconsistent. Here’s a guide to the most common compound building blocks and how to treat compounds that use them. 1. Ache: Headache and similar words are always closed compounds. 2. All: Phrasal adjectives like â€Å"all out† are hyphenated before a noun (â€Å"This means all-out war†). In adverbial form, such phrases are open: â€Å"She went all out in an effort to impress him†). 3. Book: Many compounds that include book are closed (handbook); terms not listed in the dictionary should be open. 4. Borne: Some forms are closed (airborne); hyphenate compounds not found in the dictionary. 5. Century: This word is never hyphenated in a noun phrase (â€Å"twenty-first century†), but it is hyphenated to the rest of the phrase when the phrase serves as a phrasal adjective before a noun (â€Å"twenty-first-century mind-set†). 6. Counter: Compound nouns are almost always closed (countersign). 7. Cross: Leave compounds such as â€Å"cross section† open unless they are hyphenated or closed in the dictionary. 8. E: The prefix for electronic should be hyphenated in all uses, as well as lowercase except when the word begins a sentence. (I prefer email, ebook, etc., but this is a minority position popular in high-tech publications but not elsewhere.) 9. Elect: Hyphenate in such usage as â€Å"secretary-elect,† but omit hyphens when the other term is itself an open compound (â€Å"secretary general elect†). 10. Ever: Generally hyphenate before a noun (â€Å"ever-optimistic attitude†), but sometimes closed (evergreen). 11. Ex: Always hyphenate except with an open compound; in that case, use an en dash after ex. If your Web site does not use en dashes, reword to avoid awkward use of hyphens (â€Å"former vice president† rather than â€Å"ex-vice-president†). 12. Extra: Nouns and adjectives (extraterrestrial) are almost always closed, but check the dictionary; exceptions include â€Å"extra-point statistics.† Informal adverbs are open (â€Å"be extra careful†). 13. Foster: Compound nouns are always open (â€Å"foster family†); phrasal adjectives are hyphenated before a noun (â€Å"foster-care specialist†). 14. Free: Hyphenate before and after a noun when free is the second element in a compound (â€Å"scot-free†). 15. Full: Hyphenate before a noun (â€Å"full-time employee†). 16. General: Compounds with general as the second element are always open (â€Å"major general†); the first word, not general, takes the plural form (â€Å"secretaries general†). 17. Grand: Compounds denoting kinship that include this word are always closed (grandchild). Compounds in which grand is an adjective denoting status are always open (â€Å"grand dame,† â€Å"grand marshal†). 18. Great: This word is hyphenated in compounds denoting kinship (â€Å"great-grandchild†). 19. Half: Compound nouns are always open (â€Å"half dozen†). Phrasal adjectives are hyphenated before and after a noun (â€Å"half-eaten†). Check the dictionary for permanent closed compounds (halftime). 20. House: Compounds are open unless closed in the dictionary (â€Å"house cat,† but household). 21. In-law: Compounds with in and law as the second and third elements are always hyphenated; the first word, not law, takes the plural form (sisters-in-law). 22. Like: Hyphenate compounds in which like is the second element before and after a noun unless the compound is closed in the dictionary; hyphenate if the last letter of the preceding word is an l (snail-like) or a y (dormitory-like). 23. Near: Compound nouns are open (â€Å"near miss†); hyphenate adjectives before a noun (â€Å"near-term strategy†). Nearsighted, however, is closed. 24. Odd: Always hyphenate compounds including odd as the second element in the sense of â€Å"approximately† (thirty-odd). 25. Off: Phrasal adjectives are hyphenated before a noun (an â€Å"off-kilter column†); hyphenate adverbs (â€Å"sang off-key†). Hyphenate compounds in which off is the second element (bake-off). Note that style is occasionally inconsistent between on and off antonyms (on-screen, but offscreen). 26. Old: Compound nouns in which old is the last element are always hyphenated (â€Å"my six-year-old†); phrasal adjectives including the word are hyphenated before a noun (â€Å"six-month-old policy†). 27. On: Hyphenate adjectives and adverbs starting with on that are not in the dictionary. (See the note at off about inconsistency.) 28. Over: Compounds including this word, regardless of part of speech, are always closed. 29. Quasi: Hyphenate phrasal adjectives (â€Å"quasi-judicial proceedings†); some scientific terms are closed (quasiparticle). 30. Step: In kinship terms, always closed (stepmother) unless preceding grand or great (step-grandmother). 31. Style: Compound nouns are open (â€Å"art deco style†); hyphenate adjectival and adverbial forms (â€Å"family-style dining†; â€Å"dined family-style†). 32. Under: Compounds including this word, regardless of part of speech, are always closed. 33. Vice: Compound nouns are open (vice president), hyphenated (vice-consul), or closed (viceroy); hyphenate if not in the dictionary. 34. Web: Compound nouns are open (â€Å"web press† â€Å"food web†) or closed (webfoot, spiderweb); check the dictionary. Terms pertaining to the World Wide Web follow the same variations (â€Å"web page,† â€Å"webmaster†). Many publications style website as one word, and The Chicago Manual of Style has conceded this fact, but Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary stands by â€Å"Web site† (which is also my preference). 35. Wide: When wide is the first element in the compound, hyphenate before a noun (â€Å"wide-ranging talents†). When it is the second element, hyphenate the compound if it does not appear not closed in the dictionary; many publications hyphenate such compounds in which the first element ends in y (community-wide). Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Congratulations on or for?3 Types of Headings10 Tips to Improve Your Writing Skills

5 School Signs That Earn an F

5 School Signs That Earn an F 5 School Signs That Earn an F 5 School Signs That Earn an F By Mark Nichol Everyone has an eye-rolling story about a teacher who misspelled words on the chalkboard or on printed assignment sheets, but a school’s marquee is too often is the scene of the crime when it comes to high-profile errors, too. The following photos document such transgressions. Sometimes, these letter kits lack enough letters to go around, or some get lost, and ingenuity prompts the letterer to improvise with a letter that looks similar to one that’s missing. This isn’t one of those times or it shouldn’t have been. The person who posted this sign obviously didn’t heed the advice. The statement reads awkwardly, too; I would have written, â€Å"Exercise your mind: Read.† Maybe the letter set lacked a colon, but they could have used a dash instead. (But they probably would have mistakenly used a hyphen, resulting in â€Å"Use your mind-read.†) Too bad the person responsible for posting this sign didn’t take a â€Å"seconnd† look at the negating note. And using hyphens as a decorative motif was ill advised. What HDJ has a â€Å"nacke† for is not paying attention to the little things like how to spell knack. I’d like to give HDJ the benefit of the doubt and assume that this photo was taken immediately after the sign was posted, and that it was immediately corrected. But how many of you have seen errors like this go uncorrected day after day? Imagine the blushes ’n’ chuckles at this event. The people responsible for posting these signs are administrative staff or, in the case of a sign like this, which requires a ladder for access, likely a custodian who are often less well educated than principals and teachers, but aren’t they provided with a memo or at least a handwritten note showing the exact wording (and lettering)? Guess not. Question: What’s worse than misspelling a word on a school sign? Answer: Misspelling the word spelling on a school sign. Done. The images above are coming from the Writers Keep and English Fail Blog. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:5 Uses of InfinitivesTaser or Tazer? Tazing or Tasering?20 Ways to Cry

Magellan missionRadar sensing and image interpretation Essay

Magellan missionRadar sensing and image interpretation - Essay Example The Mission was named after Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese-born explorer in the sixteenth century, who led an expedition that first circumnavigated the Earth. The earlier radar missions to Venus provided planetary scientist a global map of the surface of the planet and were very valuable in understanding the geological structure of the planet. However it further revealed a need for "global radar data coverage" of the planet's surface in "orders-of magnitude higher resolution" (Ford 1). This need facilitated and provided motivation to determine the design and objectives of the Magellan mission. The main purposes of the Magellan Mission were to create a global radar map of the surface of Venus at higher resolution using the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and to determine the topographic relief of the planet. The end product of these four objectives shall be the classification of geographic and tectonic features of the surface like mountains, ridges, valleys, hills, and planes. Impact processes, lava flows, and other chemical processes will be explained and the internal density distribution of the planet will be modeled. The spacecraft design was economical and simple in relation to other spacecraft missions. In fact, the key components of the spacecraft were acquired from the spare hardware from other space programs including Voyager, Galileo, Viking, and Mariner. The spacecraft was 6.4 m long and with a mass of 3,449 kilograms. Included in the spacecraft were a single radar sensor, a large 3.7-m diameter parabolic High-Gain Antenna dish used for communication with Earth and a science instrument for radar imaging, solar panels about 9.2 m across to collect solar energy for charging the spacecraft's nickel-cadmium batteries and to power the spacecraft, three orthogonal reaction wheels used for pointing control, monopropellant hydrazine thruster system used to make adjustments of large scale orbital corrections. Subsystems included a medium-gain antenna, star scanner, on-board computer, coherent X- and S- band radio subsystem used for communication and gravity field experiments, and two tape recorders. Fig. 1. Labeled drawing of Magellan Spacecraft Key features of the Magellan spacecraft. Shown here are the different hardware and electronic subsystems of the spacecraft. (NASA) The Magellan spacecraft in the payload bay of the Space Shuttle Atlantis before its scheduled launch (Magellan Probe). Fig. 2. Magellan Spacecraft The Magellan Radar Sensor The radar sensor is a single science instrument in the spacecraft capable of acquiring data in three different modes or functions: SAR imaging mode,

Business Plan for BSN Restaurant PowerPoint Presentation

Business Plan for BSN Restaurant - PowerPoint Presentation Example At times, customers have visited restaurants only to find that the kind of food they are served that not have the value for their money, perhaps because it is of low quality, it does not match their interest, or because it is completely not what they could have imagined getting. What’s more, customers have been forced to keep shifting from one restaurant to another because they cannot get staff that can respect them and understands their interest. Yet still, many customers have complained that the price of the foods they are sold is too high, yet the food its self is of low quality. These among many other customer frustrations have seen the need to establish BSN restaurant, which will plug these gaps, to give the customers an experience that is hard to get any other restaurant. BSN restaurant strives to be the leading restaurant in the provision and adaptable and customizable customer experience, in the local market. We strive to ensure our patrons receive outstandingly high-q uality meals and hospitable customer care whenever they visit our restaurant. Not only will our patrons receive high-quality meals, but they will also be provided with an atmosphere full of excitement and relaxation. Customer satisfaction will be our overriding principle. In pursuant of this principle, we shall have our motto reading, â€Å"Our customers first, other things second!† Generally, our services will appeal to a broad population, including singles and families, male or female, and young and old. The welfare of our employee will also take a center stage. All will be treated fairly and with the utmost respect so they can be able to give the customers the best of their services.

Business environment report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Business environment report - Essay Example 331). In evaluating the performance of a company, we analyze the economic and financial consequences of the decisions made by the management as applied in the organizational activities of the company (Clipici & Gadoiu 2009, p. 331). As such, organizations value evaluations since they manifest the extent to which systems, people, and company activities relate to the principles of business excellence. This paper evaluates the performance of Vodafone from an inter-disciplinary perspective. To achieve this, the paper will use the above named measures to evaluate the performance of Vodafone. However, the paper will not address employee satisfaction in the evaluation since data on employee satisfaction is not available. The evaluation of the company’s performance derives a clear understanding of the present business position and its overall performance. This assessment equally creates a general market perception, derives the value of the company, and helps the management to make fut ure business decisions. Increasing revenues and profits are good measures of the company’s performance although evaluation also involves variance analysis, key performance indicators, customer satisfaction measurement, and employee satisfaction (Hill, 2013, p.1). It also involves the calculation of financial ratios like ROE, IRR, and CFROI (Hagel, Brown & Davison, 2010, p. 1) community development, sustainability, and comparing the company with entire industry. Development Vodafone Group Plc. (Vodafone) is a mobile communications company that offers a range of communications services in over 30 countries and over 40 partner markets across the globe. Its headquarters are in Newbury, United Kingdom, its business operations include voice, messaging, data and fixed-line solutions, and all devices related to satisfying communications needs (Vodafone, 2013, p. 1). Ethical Behavior and Code of Conduct Vodafone Company has a code of conduct that sets out the business principles of th e company, which consequently define how every person at the company should behave. Indeed, the company is committed to a strong ethical conduct where the code of conduct mandates all employees to uphold high ethical standards. This complies with Section 406 of the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules issued by the US Securities and Exchange Commission. This mandates all registered companies to adopt a written code of ethics applicable to all stakeholders of a reference company (U.S Securities And Exchange Commission, 2003, p. 1). Vodafone Group Plc. strictly abides with these provisions and do not intend to waive the requirements of this code of conduct to any employee (Vodafone, 2010, p 1-6). As a result, all employees of Vodafone Company seek to promote honesty and ethical conduct in the articulation of their duties. Moreover, the company promotes complete, accurate, true, and timely disclosure of the Company's financial results to all stakeholders as required by the law. The company promotes compliance to relevant laws, rules, and regulations as well as condemning illegalities. More so, the company abhors high standards of business ethics and prevents its employees from seeking competitive advantage through unlawful or unethical business practices (Vodafone, 2010,

Live Interpretation of Heritage

Live Interpretation of Heritage Historic Sites, Museums and Galleries Live interpretation of Heritage Introduction Over the past few decades heritage and culture has become an important part of people’s life, especially in respect of their leisure and tourist activities (Boyd 2003, p.1). This is particularly true in the case of tourism, where the historical demand for tourist and leisure activities have waned in favour of those filled with more cultural elements. There is an increasing desire to visit historic sites, museums and galleries in an attempt by the individual to learn more about their heritage and those of other cultures and social groups. At the same time, today’s heritage visitor has become more discerning about the manner that these venues present heritage experience to them (Boyd 2003, p.2). In essence therefore, heritage can be seen to relate to historical events and settings and the visitor wants to experience those historical experiences as an almost physical event. However, despite the numerous researches and survey results that supports this change in the visitor demand, there is still evidence that a number of heritage sites, museums and galleries are failing to react positively to these findings (Black 2005, p.10), which in many cases has resulted in a drop in visitor numbers at these venues. This situation can have serious consequences, especially for those heritage sites that rely upon entrance fees to bridge the gap between state funding and the running costs of the venue. Even where this not the case, for example where government funding is used to provide free admission, such venues are still accountable to the state and need to prove that their establishment is delivering to the needs of the public, which a reduction in visitor numbers will not achieve. In an effort to address this problem the last two decades have seen an increase in literature related specifically to the manner in which heritage is displayed and portrayed to the visi tor, creating a new discipline under the general title of heritage interpretation. Heritage interpretation relates equally to the understanding of the site or objects displayed for the visitor and the motivation determinant and needs of that visitor (Blockley and Hems 2006, p.1). Until recently, most academics agree that heritage interpretation has been the least developed aspect of the venue’s promotion to the visitor (Boyd 2003 and Blockley and Hems 2006). Interpretation forms and integral part of the visitor experience and will influence the experience that they take away from the visit (Boyd 2003, p.193). Therefore, it follows that understanding what motivates a visitor or group of visitors will enable the museum, gallery or heritage site to be better able to display and promote their product (ibid 2003, p.64). For most visitors that motivation will be to gain pleasure and learning from the object or activity being displayed. In most cases, as Blockley and Hems (2006, p.10) suggest in their research the motivation for the visit is to fulfil the individual’s need for pleasure and leaning and if the heritage venue or object does not achieve this the visitor will leave dissatisfied. In fact, the visitor has come to expect to be greeted with visual views, and animated displays when visiting heritage sites (Dicks 2003, p.17). Thus it is essential for the venue managers to ensure their destination and its contents meet these requirements. One aspect of interpretation that has come to the fore in the minds of the visitor during recent years, and an area that academics agree is an essential part of interpretation, is the level of interaction that exists between the visitor and the heritage venue or object. A recent development in this respect is the increasing use of various forms of live interpretation within the heritage display and other venue activities, and it this area of interpretation that will form the focal point for this study. Live Interpretation Live interpretation of heritage is the most direct form of interaction between the visitor and the artefacts and events that are being exhibited at heritage sites and venues. Visitors and tourists today expect to see live heritage and cultural displays rather than inanimate objects displayed in empty or one dimensional building and display boxes. For example, visitors to industrial museums have come to expect to be treated to visual and moving displays of historical machinery and even to feel the experience through a living example of the society of the time (Dicks 2003, p.29). The process of live interpretation can be delivered in a number of formats. One early example of live interpretation was achieved by allowing the visitor to interact with working models, which enabled them to better interpret the processes that were involved with that models operational purpose. As the process of interpretation continued to evolve, these working models were enhanced by the inclusion of audio and visual interpretation methods, which research indicated were perceived to be more rewarding for the visitor than written text material, such as leaflets and books (Boyd 2003, p.231). The use of information and communication technology is another area of live interpretation that can prove effective, through a process of interactive involvement or displaying films and holographic images (Atkinson 2007). As Atkinson (2007) report further explains, by using ICT it is possible for the heritage site management to be able to â€Å"personalise and tailor exhibits and experiences to the individual or specific group’s needs.† However, today the most direct form of live interpretation is deemed to be that which involves physical face to face interaction between the visitor and a representative or group of representatives directly involved with the heritage site, either on a voluntary or employed basis (Blockley and Hems 2006, p.184), which most researchers identify as an interpreter. As these author’s point out â€Å"face to face interpretation is seen as the best form of enlivening the visitor experience† and certainly make them consider that it is time well spent. One important aspect needs to be mentioned in respect of the actions of the interpreter. This relates to their level of competence and degree of competence. As Boyd (2003, p.195) explains, â€Å"Whilst live interpretation is deemed the most effective form of interaction between visitor and the heritage object, poor quality in live interpretation is worse than nothing.† However, the degree to which the â€Å"interpreter† brings the heritage experience to life will depend upon the venue and its content. For example, they can range from the inclusion of a tour guide to costumed characters who re-enact the history and culture that the heritage site is promoting. This degree of variation and the appropriateness for the heritage venue will be further addressed in the following sections of this study. Museums and Galleries A number of researches have been conducted with the intention of discovering how much time visitors spent in museums and to what extent the format and display of the exhibits influenced the length of visit. One such survey, conducted for the research carried out by Boyd (2003, pp.77-78) found that there was a point of time at which visitors interest in the exhibits began to wane and the inclination to â€Å"head for the exit† began to dominate their thought processes. This was especially found to be true where the interpretation of the exhibits relied solely upon the basic strategy of display. For example, unless the visitor has a specific historical or academic interest in the specific artefacts being displayed within the venue, which only relates to a small segment of the population, after a while one exhibit, be that a painting, vase or another kind of inanimate object, all began to look alike to the visitor. At that stage the pleasure and learning gained from the experienc e began to deteriorate. There still exists the purist view that will argue against the introduction of live interpretation has no place within museums and galleries. Their reasoning is that the visitor should be allowed to interpret the exhibit free from the influence of what those who hold this opinion perceive to be external interference. However, although as stated previous this might be relevant for those who have a dedicated reason for visiting the museum or galleries it was becoming apparent to the mangers of these venues that this was not concurred with by the majority of visitors upon whom these museums and galleries depended. Therefore, remedial and innovative action was seen to be required if the decline in visitor numbers was to be reversed. It became apparent that some of the key qualities that visitors expected to experience from viewing a particular exhibit were clarity, poignancy, attractiveness together with a dynamic presentation (Boyd 2003, p.224). However, in the case of many visitors it proved difficult achieve the satisfaction of many of these qualities unless the object or exhibit was appropriately interpreted in the first place. This did not mean that the museums and galleries had to introduce moving or highly interactive interpretation process for all of their exhibits. In many instances it was simply a question of introducing a tour guide (Dicks 2003, p.171). This would involve employing a person who had sufficient knowledge and experience about the exhibit to be able to provide an appropriate interpretation, which the visitor could consider and come to their own informed opinion. An example of where such a tour guide is frequently used is in the Royal heritage. Often professional interpreters are used to b ring the heritage to life, as is the case with the royal palaces (Blockley and Hems 2006, p.45). To maintain the dignity of these historical sites it would be inappropriate to introduce some of the more technological based live interpretation methods, such as videos, films and other gadgetry. In such cases therefore, the tour guide will be employed to act as the face-to-face interactive interpreter. The heritage visitor or tourist would not expect any greater level of interpretation in such delicate and reverent historical surroundings, and the same reasoning would be applied to heritage sites of religious significance, such as historical churches and cathedrals. Nevertheless, there are other museums and galleries where the more proactive and interactive live interpretation methods are useful in improving the visitor experience. Providing visitors with a method that allows personal live interpretation, for instance by using computer generated informational processes that explain the origins of the object or gives more information relating to its original use and purpose, can enhance the benefits that the visitor receives from viewing the object. Another method that is being used more frequently within the museum and gallery environment is to make the object or artefact live by introducing information and communication technology process that allow it to move and react (Atkinson 2007, p.7). Black 2005, p.264) promotes the increased use of files within the museum, arguing that this manner of interpretation is more likely to enable the visitor to experience the object as a living thing, thus creating a psychological connection. One area of museu ms where these methods have proven to be particularly successful is in the field of natural science. For example, presenting the dinosaur animal generation in an interactive and live interpretation method provides the visitor with a better idea of the size, power and a concept of the physical damage that such creatures could cause. Another recent development within the museum sector of heritage is the evolution of the open-air museum (Boyd 2003, p.224). Because of the difference of the environment for the exhibit, these venues have developed an interpretation process that is far more focused on its live element. In effect the visitor can almost touch a living exhibit and, through the detailed live interpretation process, is transported back to the historical times during which the object was created. In fact, by the use of costumes and special effects often in these cases the visitor will feel as if they have had a personal connection with these events. Research has shown that, where museums and galleries have adopted some of these live interpretation measures within their venues, and to provide a better understanding of the exhibit, this has resulted in a positive effect on the length of a visitor’s stay (Black 2005, p.257). Furthermore, it has also had a positive impact in that visitor numbers have seen improvement in many instances. Historic sites As Jane Malcolm-Davies (2003, p.1) mentions in the introduction to the process of using costumed robes for live heritage interpretation, historic sites are finding it increasingly difficult to survive in the competitive environment of the leisure and tourism industry, not least because of the reduction in government funding, but also because of the impact of competing sites. As a result they have to resort to new and innovative measures for interpreting theirs sites in a manner that will increase visitor numbers. To stand out from the crowd and gain a competitive advantage that will lead to an increase in visitor numbers, live interpretation of the heritage value of these sites often has to resort to making the historical event come alive, a process that is most commonly referred to as re-enactment. These live interpretation events can take a number of forms. Some of the best known would be the re-enactment of historical civil wars, with authenticity attempted in every aspect of the actor’s costumes and equipment, accompanied by the realistic noise of battle. In other cases, the event might involve a live reconstruction of a home or village as the actors perceived it to be in historical times. Alternative versions of these occur where industrial processes, plants, and retail business environments are re-created to resemble how it might have looked in yesteryear. In a number of cases there is an invitation for the visitor to join in with the experience, creating for them a unique memory of the occasion. However, as with the use of live interpretation developments in museums and galleries, there has been some intense disagreement inn the past between academics and members of the historical heritage groups regarding the use of re-enactment and the use of costumes, with the opponents considering it to be fake (Sansom 1996, p.134). Indeed, many of those who hold this opinion consider this approach little more than theatrical nonsense. It is probably partly because of this reaction that it took until the latter part of the 1980’s before heritage sites began to employ â€Å"paid, permanent, costumed staff as an integral part of their daily interpretation† activities (Hicks 1994, p.9). The difficulty was that, before the employment of professional interpreters or â€Å"actor† there could be said to be some truth in the opposing argument. However, to the extent that these objectors delayed the introduction of a more professional approach to the live interpretation, it could be said that they contributed to the poor standard of interpretation that previously existed. In his dissertation thesis in 1990, Robershaw (1990, p.31) found from his research into the situation with regard to costumed interpreters that whilst it had the cosmetic effect of creating a more realistic atmosphere, this was not at that time communicated to the visitor. The same author quoted other literature that, like his own, concluded that visitors were demanding that the historical site managers should deliver a more â€Å"interactive experience†, which was clearing not happening at that time. It was also argued that because of the educational leanings, the resultant experience lack ed any element of fun and entertainment. The remarkable thing is that, since the introduction of live costumed and professional methods of interpretation (Sansom 1996, p.122 and Malcolm-Davies 200, p.9), this element of interaction and increased in the value of entertainment and fun has become more evident. The improvement has led to a situation where it has been found to the level of recall and understanding that is experienced by the visitor. Most academics, including Black (2005, p.117) and Dicks (2003, p.49) are now firmly of the opinion that historic and cultural sites that adopt the live approach to interpretation and encourages interaction with the visitor, even to the extent of re-enacting historic events, do find that it leads to an increase in visitor numbers. Furthermore, it leads to a greater degree of satisfaction of their need for enjoyment and learning. The proponents of live interpretation for historical sites argue that these re-enactments, especially now that they are more professional in nature, can be considered to be displaying an improved and closer depiction of the actual event, and therefore should be viewed as being more authentic. Furthermore, they will also argue that these events are serving to deliver to the main demands of the visitor, in that they provide a much greater depth of learning, whilst at the same time satisfying the visitor demand for them to include an element of fun and entertainment. The managers of these historical sites will also argue that, the inclusion of live interpretation and re-enactment within the promotional element of the destination, such moves are also serving the objectives of the destination, which are a) to remain self-sufficient in terms of funding and b) to assist the destination in achieving a competitive advantage over other similar destinations. They would further argue that the reported visitor number increases for the industry sector as a whole, and many of the destinations individually, support their choice of interpretation methods. Conclusion As has been mentioned in the introduction section of this research, over the past few years there has been increasing pressure exerted upon the managers of historic sites, museums and galleries to become self sufficient and accountable for the value achieved as a result of the limited resources provided to them from the public purse. It is natural that, in order to meet these conditions, the managers of these sites have been forced to consider a more innovative solution to promoting their destinations (Dicks 2003, p.122). An increasing number have turned to the use of live interpretation as a means of providing a resolution to the problems they have been facing. In the past there may have been some merit to the argument raised by opponents to live interpretation. These might have been justified especially where those elements of this process went as far as the inclusion of costumes and re-enactment. This justification can be linked with the lack of professionalism that existed at that time. However, in most cases that position has changed and the introduction of professional actors, directors and costume designers have dramatically improved this element of live interpretation. However, in the final analysis of the appropriateness of these methods of live interpretation it is the results produced that determine their success or failure. When one poses the question whether the adoption of these new approaches to interpretation have had the desired effect in terms of increasing the numbers of visitors being seen at historic sites, museums and galleries, the external researches studied by the author all support a positive response. Similarly, looking at it from the viewpoint of the other main stakeholder, the heritage visitor, the question to be asked is whether â€Å"live† interpretation promotional methods have improved their enjoyment of the experience and is more completely meeting their demands and needs. Here, again, current research and survey results confirm that this is the case. In fact, as Hunt (2004, p.387) states in his detailed research on heritage and interpretation., â€Å"acting the part has now become almost essential, as most visitor s have come to expect it!† In conclusion therefore, it is found that live interpretation is more effective as a method of education and learning, and as a means of visitor entertainment, than has been the case with most of the other methods of destination promotion adopted by historic sites, museums and galleries in the past. It is therefore recommended that those destinations that have yet to adopt these methods, and are experiencing difficulty in meeting financial or public accountability standards, should seriously considered following the example of the many institutions that have benefitted from live interpretation. Bibliography Atkinson, S (2007) The value of information and communications technology in natural heritage interpretation Scottish Natural Heritage. Retrieved 8 August 2008 from: http://www.snh.org.uk/pdfs/publications/commissioned_reports/ReportNo218.pdf Black, G (2005). The Engaging Museum: Developing Museums for Visitor Involvement. Routledge, Abingdon, UK Blockley, M and Hems, A (eds) (2006). Heritage Interpretation: Theory and Practice. Routledge, Abingdon, UK Boyd, S and Timothy, D (2003). Heritage Tourism. Pearson Education, Harlow, UK Dicks, B (2003). Culture on Display. Open University Press. Maidenhead, UK. Dray, C (1999). History as Re-enactment: R.G. Collingwoods â€Å"Idea of History†. Oxford University Press. Oxford, UK Hicks, D. (1994). The use of living history events at historic sites and buildings, master’s thesis, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom. Hunt, S.J (2004). Acting the part: ‘living history’ as a serious leisure pursuit. Leisure Studies, Vol.23, No.4, pp.387-403 Malcolm-Davies (2003). Borrowed Robes: The educational value of costumed interpretation at historic sites. Retrieved 8 August 2008 from http://www.esade.es/cedit2003/pdfs/malcomdaviesjm.pdf Robertshaw, A. (1990). Acts of imagination. Museums journal, Vol. 3, pp.30-31. Ransom, E. (1996). Peopling the past: current practices in archaeological site interpretation. In Archaeological displays and the public: methodology and interpretation (McManus, P. Ed.), pp.118-137, Institute of Archaeology, London’